The following concerns the campaign called Tiwesdæg Clíewen. There are many things to discuss about this. It was, overall, the most successful campaign I ever ran. "Successful" means that everyone had fun, showed up regularly, were interested, and remember the events of the campaign fondly and in detail.

Thinking on it, because there are so many things to discuss about the campaign, I'll break it down into sections. You'll see why when you see how long the first section is! I apologise for its length - brevity is not among my talents. I hope you'll find it worth reading through. It's an attempt to make sound logical and thorough what was rather muddled...

I got a game group together in late 2005. (I give their online names here.) One player, Xypho, I knew already from previous games - we'd played one-on-one a lot. Another, Khaba, I'd met online - he was an Australian living in the USA, we chatted about his one-on-one games he ran with his fiancee, set in pre-Columbian North America. Playing in a rarely-explored historical setting, this sounded great to me - I love history, and I love original settings. So we resolved to game together whenever he got over to Australia. This wasn't for about a year, and even then he was living out in the boondocks so we couldn't meet up. Then one day he called me up - he and his fiancee, Ephera, had moved into the city - we could all game.

We all met up and had dinner, and everyone got along fine. I got out all my game books and tossed around a few campaign ideas. The players were keen on Chronogate EU, a setting where European Stargate - SG1 -like teams go through gates not to alien worlds, but to parallel Earth worlds. We ran a couple of missions and were having fun, but felt something was missing.

At this stage another player, Tyberious Funk, answered my advertisement for a fourth player, and was quite keen on Stargate so thought he'd enjoy the campaign.

However, this was when we considered what we might do. It was at this point I considered the Player Prefences Sheet I'd had people fill out.

GAME STYLE
Rate each of these three pairs according to which side the campaign will swing most towards. You get 4 points to put into each pair. Rate it like "Cinematic (1), Realistic (3)", which would mean "mostly realistic."  

Cinematic vs Realistic
"Cinematic" is not just whether characters can die, but whether what they do is governed by laws of physics and common sense. Hong Kong Action Theatre is cinematic; Millenium's End is realistic.

Hack vs Thesp
Hack is not just the kind that goes with "& Slash", but also the depth of characterisation. So the actors in Friends or Seinfeld are Hacks, even though their characters never slay anyone. Thesp is for characters which are realistic, have different personality traits, etc.

Schtick vs Drama
This is laughs vs tears, fooling around vs taking things seriously. Paranoia is schticky, Pendragon is dramatic.


WHAT HAPPENS
Rate from 1 to 4 the overall themes you prefer in a campaign. "1" is "hardly ever appears", while "4" is "happens just about every session."

Action & Fights
These needn't be to the death... Jackie Chan beats lots of people up, but hardly anyone dies.

Building
This is as in city management computer games, or as in a long tv series... the characters are building something which will last longer than them.

Character
A focus on personality and relationships.

Character Power
A focus on the characters improving in their abilities.

Destroying
The opposite of building, obviously - the characters are going to bring something down.

Exploration
Discovering new things, a sense of wonder or awe. This is a broad theme, and could include everything from a Call of Cthulu game to a medieval fantasy game where the characters are mapping the far reaches of an empire.


HOW IT'S DONE

Note which of the following character abilities you most enjoy having a character use in a campaign. Ideally, at least four of the twelve should be significant. This gives the GM an idea of what sort of things they should give you a chance to experience in a campaign.

Athletics,Combat, Communication, Detection, Driving, Gadgeteering, Intrusion, Magic, Medical, Persuading, Scholarship, Wilderness


FAVOURITES
Note here you favourite,

• Fiction book
• Non-fiction book
• Movie
• TV series

This will give the GM an idea of what sort of setting you'll enjoy roleplaying in. [/color]

So I looked over what the players had entered for their preferences. I find this sort of list of questions is useful, if only for sorting out who the lazy and irregular players will be - if they can't even be bothered telling you what they like, then they probably won't show up regularly, or be very enthusiastic when they do show up.  

Anyway, I didn't record all the preferences from a year ago, but what came out was a clear trend of their preferences,

• midway between Cinematic and Realistic
• Thesp was loved, Hack was scorned
• Drama was preferred over Schtick
• People were most interested in Character, and Exploration.
• There was quite a mix of what they liked their characters to do.
• Their favourite stuff was also a mixture, but had in common people encountering things which were mysterious to them, and stories where who the people were was more important than what they could do - Firefly, Avalon, Babylon 5, etc. This reinforced the importance of character and exploration, as above.

So it seemed to me that the Chronogate-EU game wasn't doing what they wanted. Chronogate gave them Action and Exploration, but Character wasn't important. There was no continuity, it was, "go out, do mission, come home and rest." They wanted to have NPCs to have relationships with, rivals, friends, lovers, enemies. They wanted the story to revolve around people, not around events. Or rather, they wanted the people to cause the events. A mission-based setting just didn't do that.

I thought for a while about altering Chronogate a bit to make NPCs more important. But the trouble was that in the end the PCs could always walk away to somewhere it all didn't matter - another world. And the large scope of the campaign, with a cast of thousands, made individual NPCs less important. I decided that some GMs might be able to manage it anyway - by making individual NPCs and worlds so fascinating that the players wouldn't want the characters to leave - but that I probably couldn't do it.

So I designed a new campaign. It was at this point that Tyberious Funk joined us. So he'd signed on for Chronogate, and the poor guy ended up with something else. He was happy in the end, but still... As well as their preferences, I considered the personalities of the players. I considered whether they were active, reactive or passive; quiet or talkative; if they were creative and their style of creativity; and what parts of a game they liked.

• Xypho is active (makes things happen) and talkative, creative (thinks of new worlds, new character possibilities), and tactical (likes to deal with combats, and number-crunching).
• Khaba is passive (a quiet player, on good days can be a reactive one) and quiet, creative (though because he's passive, you don't always see it), and interested in stories (likes to see characters and the world change.
• Ephera is reactive, moderately creative (tends to cliches), and interested in stories which revolve around her character (becomes passive when not directly involved).
• Tyberious Funk is active (though began as reactive) and talkative (though began as quiet - see the pattern? Someone who's reserved around strangers, comfortable around friends), not very creative with characters (cliches), and interested in a grand story.

Putting all this together I came up with Tiwesdæg Clíewen. Something else all the players but Xypho had in common was an Anglo-Saxon ethnic background, with Ephera having a German background. Xypho was French, but with all our one-on-one games I figured he'd have enough experience of getting everything he wanted, it was time to sit back and let others get it instead!

"Tiwesdæg Clíewen" is old English for "Tuesday Group." We met on Tuesdays, after all. Then I developed the village of Tiwesdæg. It was just a village rather than a country because I wanted to emphasise character personalities and relationships. I wanted the characters to begin humble in power and abilities - this means they're less likely to go wandering off they don't feel they're up to the challenge of whole countries! Its being in a village let them be big fish in a little pond, and meant that individuals were important.

So I developed some NPCs, with the idea of having some clashes between and within the NPCs drive the story. What causes conflict? People wanting different, incompatible things. When this conflict is within a person, we call it a "dilemma." I thought I'd save on NPCs, keep their numbers to a minimum, so instead of ten NPCs wanting ten different things, I could have (say) four NPCs wanting ten different things. In this way I'd be bringing in the "Character" aspect the players were all so keen on.

I brought in the "Exploration" aspect by saying that magic wasn't present in the village, but would be elsewhere. I put the source of most magic as some Elves in the forest, and some Dwarves high in the mountains, both hidden away; I didn't tell them where this magic was, just that magic was believed in, but rarely seen, and monsters were much the same. I told them that the motto of the campaign would be, Magic is magical, and monsters are monstrous. So their "exploration" would be discovering the magic, and the monsters.

I gave the players a description of the village and shire and some background to it, and asked them to make their characters.

One important story was of its founding.

The village and Shire of Tiwesdæg was founded in antiquity by the woman warrior Tiwesdæg. An ogre called Mundzuc had been roaming the land, slaying all, consuming livestock and crops, and rendering the land a waste. After the death of her husband a farmer, Đegn Tiwesdæg sought out Mundzuc and slew him with her great axe. She slew him by the stream which flows from the Lake, and ever since that stream's stones have been red from his blood. It is called the Ochre Stream. She bore his remains up into the hills, and there butchered his carcass, scattering his flesh to the four winds across the land, and making it fertile again. His bones remained, and the white rocks upon the hills mean that men call them the Ogre's Bones.

In gratitude for her heroism, the Cyning Ildebad granted her the ðegnship of the lands the ogre had devastated, the right to train her daughters in the arts of war, and to found a new Shire in her own name. This she did, and since then, the Daughters of Tiwesdæg have ever been warriors. When comes the Spring Choosing, when children of eight to twelve gather in the village square to be selected as apprentices to trades, girls may gather also, to become Daughters of Tiwesdæg - warriors.

This story, as well as telling them a bit about the place they were in, also let the players have "modern" sensibilities for their characters, rather than having to roleplay sexism. This was especially important as Ephera, a female player, refused to play male characters.

They developed the following characters,

• Xypho developed Gwynaeth, a woman warrior who yearned to be a smith, but her father wouldn't let her. She had a lot of brothers, and some of these the player described as having gone to other towns, or being wanderers and thought a fool. Thanks for the plot hooks, Xypho!:)
  
• Khaba developed Godmund, an apprentice to his uncle Hengist, the Thane's Huntsmaster. Godmund had a hatred of his father Egric, as Egric had been violent to him and his mother and sisters, and his mother had died some years ago; Godmund blamed his father for her death (the manner of which he left unspecified).
  
• Ephera developed Aelwyn, who was an orphan of unknown parents, apprenticed to Old Pega the Herbalist. She bore a seax inherited from these unknown parents, with runes whose appearance was not Bronding, not local, and the meaning unknown.
  
• Tyberious Funk developed Berchtwald, a son of a fisherman who hated and feared boats, as he'd lost a brother early on that way. He stayed on land as a fishmonger, and had ambitions to more in life.

Looking at Godmund and Aelwyn's backgrounds, I said to the players, "wow, this is rough and nasty - one child abuse victim, one orphan. As GM, I would never give such a background if I'd created the characters for you to play, it'd be too harsh. You fucked with your characters badly!"

They replied, "That's okay, those make interesting characters, characters who get fucked with. We give you a licence to use anything in our backgrounds, surprise us!"

"What, make it even worse than that?"

"Sure, so long as it's interesting."

Off I went and planned. I now had enough information. I knew the players' personalities, what they wanted in a game, and their characters. I created one basic storyline, it's an oldie but a goodie - Who Shall Rule?

Two collections of characters were rivals for the rule. It went as follows:

House of Osric

• Osric is the Thane, and came to his rule by his deeds, the Four Labours given him by the Cyning.
• Osric has a son, Aldhelm. Under Bronding law, inheritance passes from a man, through his sister and to her son; from man to nephew; failing that, from man to niece's son. So his son will inherit nothing. Therefore, Aldhelm is Reeve - enforces the law. Osric thus hopes that his skills will gain him position and wealth.
• Osric has a niece, Enni. She is about fifteen, and if she marries and has a son, that son will inherit the Shire. She is loved by Aldhelm, though she is his cousin, but he's a bit shy with her and hasn't done anything about it; she loves him in return, but as she's fifteen, also is shy.
• Enni becomes pregnant, and tells her friend Aelwyn (PC) that her uncle Osric is the father; it was more or less consensual, she was reluctant but then enjoyed herself, is now ashamed that she enjoyed it, etc. She doesn't tell the rest of the village anything, keeping it all quiet.
• Under Bronding law, children born out of marriage are left on the side of a hill to perish.
• As Reeve, Aldhelm is duty-bound to carry out the law - and leave Enni's child to die. As the man who loves her, he feels he should care for her, perhaps adopt the child. His dilemma is the old Duty vs Love.
• If Aldhelm were to marry Enni and claim the child as his own, then the infant could be saved. But Aldhelm will only do that if Enni will at least tell him who the real father is. But because she believes the real father is her uncle, she is ashamed, and will not speak. So Enni can only save her infant by revealing a dark secret; and if she does, Aldhelm may be repelled by her anyway. Her dilemma is Love vs Shame.

So far it's rather like a soap-opera. To make it into a fantasy game, we need monsters and magic! So of course an evil sorceror must be behind it all.

House of Faelsian

• Faelsian is a man who discovered an aptitude for runes early on in his life. He received a prophecy, "the fruit of the loins of Faelsian shall come to destroy and rule the Shire."
• Faelsian in pursuit of this prophecy went to the Dwarves, and stole from them their magic secrets. Because he sought powers to deceive (illusion and mind control), they placed an iron collar on him, with a geas that he could never speak a lie; he didn't have to speak, nor did he have to answer questions, but when he did speak, it had to be the truth.
• Figuring that if he had lots of "fruit" of his loins, it'd improve the chances of the prophecy coming true, Faelsian used his powers of illusion and mind control to seduce and rape women. He appeared to them in the form of a man they trusted, or feared.
• When they became pregnant, Faelsian would leave with them a small seax, runed with Dwarvish runes, saying that it was a gift for the child; really, it let him recognise his own child, in case he couldn't bring him up himself.
• Faelsian's being a rapist naturally went with his being very sexist, so that he was only interested in male children.
• Aelwyn (PC) was not orphaned. She was in fact the child of an elf - "Aelwyn" in old English means "elf-friend" and Faelsian. The Elves would not have a human among them, and so her mother put her with a Tiwesdæg family.
• Enni had not been seduced by her uncle, but by Faelsian in the form of her uncle.
• Godmund was not in fact the son of Egric, but of Thane Osric. Godmund's mother had slept with Osric (Osric is a womaniser, but prefers adult women not his relatives), and Godmund was the result. This infidelity, and the inability of Godmund's "father" Egric to get redress for it (he could not challenge his noble lord) acted with Egric's naturally violent nature to make him violent towards his wife, and Godmund - not his son.
• Godmund's "father" Egric did not kill his mother, Faelsian did. When he tried to seduce her, she saw through his illusions, that it was him, and fought him. Fearing that she would always see his illusions, and reveal him and his bastard children, he slew her.
• Faelsian took some of his sons and brought them up in a lair in the forest.
• Faelsian and his sons went often to the Eorl of Grene, and did him favours - in trying to bring down the Thane, befriending the Eorl who ruled him might be useful later on.
• Gwynaeth had a brother, Meginhard, whom Xypho (Gwynaeth) had told us was considered a fool, and a wanderer. I said that really Meginhard was curious and had a strange sense of humour, which people mistook for foolishness. This coupled with his wounded pride to make him happy to work for Faelsian.

So now two of the four PCs were tied into the plot strongly. That was certainly enough to keep things going. I tried to think of ways to bring the other two in, and make them feel invested in the campaign. Xypho's Gwynaeth was a difficult one, because she was not a very deep character. So I just used her brother - figuring that if the PCs went against Faelsian, then at some point Gwynaeth would have to choose between her brother and her liege lord. Another dilemma!

Tyberious Funk's Berchtwald was most difficult of all. I could have had his brother be slain by Faelsian, I supposed, but this seemed like laying it on a bit thick. Tyberious Funk didn't choose any negative stuff for his character (we were using GURPS), so none of that offered itself as hooks the way it did for the other characters. And at that stage, I simply didn't know him well enough as a player - he was quite reserved at the start, and actually didn't realise that Xypho and me were the only ones who knew each-other well, that Ephera and Khaba we'd only gamed with a few sessions. I decided to "wait and see" on Tyberious Funk and his Berchtwald, that perhaps other things would develop during play. In any case, not everyone wants to be tied intimately into the plot, some people are happy just to follow along and adventure.

So that is how I came to create Tiwesdæg Clíewen, the best campaign I ever ran.

Interesting stuff JimBob, well worth reading through, how did that play out or would that take a small book to answer?

How much did actual play reflect the preferences determined in advance, in other words did people accurately state their actual preferences?

Yes it would take a small book. Most of it's already written, as you can see in the links I gave above. (Bad link highlighting in this forum, can't distinguish it from other underlined words.) Anyway, you know me, I'm always happy to write more

No, people did not state their preferences accurately. Or rather, the "What Happens" was inaccurate, the rest was broadly right. Basically, everyone said they loved deep and meangingful roleplaying, but in practice some of them were a bit munchkiny.

It's a bit like how if people have to assess their ability at something, more than half of people will assess it as "above average" or greater. In the same way, when roleplayers are asked what they like about roleplaying, and given that list, most of them say they enjoy "character" - personality and relationships - more than they enjoy "character power" - xp. For example, Xypho was the one who rated "character" as the highest, yet he once stormed out of the house after a session without saying goodbye because he got 4xp, when he usually got 5xp. He'd also never spend xp as "hero points" because he wanted to save them to improve his character. And his character ended up with one broadsword in each hand, about 30 of the 120xp total they were at was just in those two broadswords. And we didn't even have a fight each session

So, roleplayers tend to often say they love lots of detailed roleplaying. But then in play they might be quiet and reserved, or munchkins, or whatever. That's why the preferences sheet, whether the one I gave or some variation, is just a start to discussion. I wouldn't take it from four complete strangers, develop a campaign, and then meet them all at the first session. In combination with discussion, and perhaps a session or two of some pickup rpg, it can be very good, though. Numbers + gut instinct is better than numbers or gut instinct alone.

Quote from: JimBobOzNo, people did not state their preferences accurately. Or rather, the "What Happens" was inaccurate, the rest was broadly right. Basically, everyone said they loved deep and meangingful roleplaying, but in practice some of them were a bit munchkiny.

That was what I wondered, people tend to answer polls on the basis of the person they think they should be, rather than the person they are.  In the 1980s in Britain Labour (the left wing party) routinely scored highly in polls of voting intentions, then everyone voted Tory (the right wing party) at the elections.

People liked to think they were caring and would accept higher taxes for better public services, but when push came to shove they voted for lower taxes.

Similarly, many gamers say they want deep narrative and emotional depth, but in practice they still seem to kick in doors and take stuff.

Yes and no. You give the example of the people saying they'd vote Labour, then not - but plenty still did. So you might have for example 60% say they'd vote Labour, then 45% did.

Similarly, maybe 75% of players will say they want "character" as the most important thing, then in practice 50% of them do. Example numbers only, I couldn't guess what it'd be generally. I tend to select in favour of players more keen on the roleplaying aspects of it than the tactical sort of aspects, so my numbers are probably high.

But anyway, a good number still want the roleplaying in practice. And that's enough. I mean, no-one's tastes are ever 100% for one thing. So on PC kicking arse will bring out another's love or arse-kicking, while another PC's deep and meaningful roleplaying will bring out another's... and so on. If you have a couple of enthusiastic people, they get a good mood going towards whatever they're doing.

For example, one alternate we played with the same group, Tyberious Funk was GMing this postapocalyptic game, with me and Khaba playing. Khaba is a quiet, really polite and nice guy. Then he got a pre-gen, Kevin O'Malley, known as "KO" for his mean punch, we went out looking for bandits and ended up killing them, setting fire to their hut, shooting them as they came running out, and with a survivor... breaking his fingers with pliers so he'd tell us where the other bandits and their cache of gear was. And a fourth bandit was wounded and dying, we couldn't help him. I said, "What shall we do with him? Can't leave him to die..." "I'll take care of it," Khaba said with a smile. "Don't worry, I'll take care of it. I'll dispose of the problem."

We just got a riff going. And after the session said, "what the fuck happened there?"

The same thing can happen, but with interesting roleplaying, or tactics, rather than breaking people's fingers with pliers and burning and shooting them. As gamers in a group, we can bring out good and bad in each-other, and bring out the different things we like about gaming.

I'm coming to think, though, that what really determines how much you get out of a session isn't really the exact preferences of the players, but the group dynamic. You have active players, who make things happen, and reactive players, who wait for things to happen and then respond to them. In that first campaign, we had two players who were in effect active (Ephera was reactive until it came to her own character, but that was easy to have happen, so she was effectively active), and the interplay between those two players kept things moving.

Whereas in the current campaign, second in the same setting, we've got one active, and two reactive players, and while it's fun, it's a bit "lacklustre" as one player put it - because the group as a whole isn't making things happen.

So I think the ideal group is probably two active, and two reactive players. The two active players act like two legs for the body of the campaign, working separately but keeping the thing moving along, while the two reactive players are like the arms and hands of the camaign, grasping at things the body passes. Just one active player isn't enough, and more than one and the campaign's pulled in too many different directions at once, it's chaos.

I'm thinking that group dynamic is the more important thing for the life of a game group and campaign.

I like your Q&A, JimBob, enough that I might try it next time I run a campaign.

Thanks, Jong. Note that you could come up with a lot of different questions about what's important to the players. The main thing is to have something to start a discussion. If you say, "what do you like in a game?" players go, "um... fun stuff!" If you say, "do you like it more cinematic, or more realistic? More hack, or more thesp?" then they have answers. Sometimes the answers will be, "what the fuck are you talking about? That stuff isn't important, much more important is so-and-so." So mainly it just gives you something to start a discussion...

The players get involved in the campaign even before it starts. That looks good in my book.